Cost Benefit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cost Benefit - Essay Example In the case stated, reducing expenditures compared to raising taxes have various repercussions even if both course of action are unpopular. Reducing expenditures meant foregoing the opportunity to serve the people and to provide services that could potentially prevent future problems. For example, health care programs could make the population healthier with an implication of lesser health cost in the future. In the case of education, reducing its expenditures may not be immediately felt but it will undermine the country’s competitiveness in the future because it would mean having less educated workforce. Raising taxes however is unpopular. But it will enable the government to fund its social services such as health and education. Excessive taxation however invites social unrest that could defeat its intent to provide services to the people. The repercussion of high taxation is political as policy makers may lose public support and will no longer win in elections. Ultimately, governments have to balance between increasing taxes and reducing social services. Ideally, taxes should be low and social services should be high but that would not be possible since social services is expenditure and it needs income through taxes to fund it. This explains why social services and taxation should be

Literature Review Of Nocturnal Enuresis Health And Social Care Essay

Literature Review Of Nocturnal Enuresis Health And Social Care Essay Review of literature is an essential activity of scientific research project. It helps to familiarise with the practical issue related to the problem and enable the researcher to strengthen the study which helps to reveal the prevailing situation of the similar study. The reviewed literature for this study is presented in the following sections. 2.1 Prevalence and contributing factors of nocturnal enuresis 2.2 Management of nocturnal enuresis 2.1 Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Nocturnal Enuresis: A cross sectional study was conducted on prevalence and risk factors of mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis in school children of Ankara. Among 15150 children, 9% children had mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis.it was found that Frequency was higher in boys than girls. Analysis revealed that gender, toilet training methods , problems of sleep, school performance, and approach of the family members to such children are significant factors. Age, male gender, experience of toilet training with threatening methods, deep sleep, sleep walking,and introverted and shy behavior were significantly increased the risk of nocturnal enuresis (Secil Ozkan, et al., 2010). An epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children 5-14 years in Sudan, 218 children were involved in the study and out of that 33.5% children were found to have nocturnal enuresis. Frequency was high among girls than boys and the prevalence of bedwetting decrease as the age of the child increased from 13.3% at 5-7 years of age to 2-3% at 12-14 years ( Magdi, A. H., 2010). A prevalence study was conducted in Eastern Croatia to establish the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in 6-7 year old child. Factors associated with nocturnal enuresis and parental perception were also evaluated. Parents of 3011 children were included in the study. The prevalence rate is 1.2% and it is significantly more in boys than girls. 68.6% of children had the family history of nocturnal enuresis and only 17.1% of parents expressed some concern about problem on childs future development(Miskulin, M. et al.,2010). A cross sectional study conducted in southeast of Turkey to study the epidemiology and factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among boarding and daytime school children revealed that the overall prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 14.9%. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis declined with age. Of the 6 year old children 33.3% had the problem, while the ratio was 2.6% for 15 years-olds. There was no significant difference in prevalence of nocturnal enuresis between boys and girls. Enuresis was reported as 18.5% among children attending day time school and among those 11.5% attending boarding school .Prevalence of enuresis was increased in children who are living in villages, with low income families and who are having positive family history of nocturnal enuresis. After multivariate analysis, history of urinary tract infection, age, low monthly income and family history of enuresis were factors associated with enuresis. 46.4% of parents and 57.1% of enuretic children were signific antly concerned about the impact of enuresis (Ali Gunes, Gulsen Gunes, Yasemin Acik and Adem Akilli, 2009). A descriptive questionnaire based study was done in Africa to evaluate the quality of life and sleep quality and the association between the parameters in children with mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis. 71 children in the age group of 6-15 years were included in the study and it was found that as age of the child and the duration of the problem increases, self esteem, physical wellbeing and friend domains worsens (Ertan,P et al, 2009). A two-stage mental health survey was conducted among 5000 urban children to examine the association between enuresis and psychopathology in urban Ethiopian children. It was found that male sex, younger age and lower achieved were having this problem. Nocturnal enuresis was significantly higher for children in families with significant financial worries and in children from homes where parents were separated. Children with DSM III-R anxiety disorders, mainly simple phobia, or disruptive behaviour disorders were found to have significantly higher rate of enuresis ( Menelik Desta, 2007). A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007 at Iran to estimate the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and determine associated factors revealed the prevalence of 6.8% among 7562 children. A significant relationship was found between the prevalence of enuresis and age, educational status of parents, number of family enuresis, parenting methods, and deep sleep. Prevalence of urinary tract pathology was 2.9% in enuretic children (Mohammed .R. Safarinejad, 2007). A descriptive study was conducted in India to establish the prevalence of enuresis in school children and to determine contributing factor . Parents of 1473 children aged between 6-10 years were surveyed. The overall prevalence of enuresis was 7.61%. Enuresis was more commonly seen in boys. A positive family history of enuresis was seen in 28.57% children; 14.29% of the children had daytime wetting as well. Only 24.11% of the parents had taken their child to a doctor for the treatment. Family problems,stressors, birth history and lower socioeconomic status were present in the children with enuresis. Poor scholastic performance was also an important factor in this group (Avinash De Sousa, Hema Kapoor, Jyoti Jagtap, Mercilina Sen, 2007). A randomly selected cross-sectional study was conducted from elementary schools in Changhua County, Taiwan, to investigate the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis among children and to evaluate its associated factors and severity. The overall prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 6.8%. The ratio of male to female was about 1.5. The prevalence of enuresis according to age group declined from 12.5% at 6 years to 2.0% at 12 years. The prevalence of enuresis in the urban area did not show significant difference from that of rural area .The factors associated with enuresis were gender, age, urinary frequency or urgency, heredity,habit of drinking before sleep and difficulty in waking. They showed significant difference after multiple logistic regression analysis (HuiLung Tai, et al., 2006). A case control study consisted of 55 children with nocturnal enuresis from a continence centre and 117 matched controls from a general paediatric practice revealed that breastfeeding protects against the development of bedwetting. Bed-wetting was strongly associated with family history. Approximately 45% of children wet the bed if one parent was enuretic and 75% wet the bed if both parents were enuretic. Twenty-one parents (38%) in the study group and 6 parents (5%) in the control group were enuretic as children (Barone, et al., 2006). An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of nocturnal enuresis (NE) and to examine the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in preadolescent schoolchildren. It was conducted in 6917 school children belonging to 11 primary schools that were randomly enrolled in the survey. They assessed the relationship of nocturnal enuresis with voiding habits, episodes of cystitis and constipation. They found the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis to be 5.9% and inversely related to increasing age. Nocturnal enuresis and overactive bladder were detected in 5.9% and 17.8% of preadolescent and schoolchildren respectively (Kajiwara, et al.,2006). A community survey of enuresis was carried out in 2002 among 300 apparently healthy children aged 5-16 years in Edo State, Nigeria with the aim of ascertaining the true prevalence of the disease and the contributions of organic causative factors. The overall prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 21.3%. Of the 64 children who were enuretic, 58 (91%) had only nocturnal enuresis.. Combined daytime and night time enuresis accounted for only six (9.4%) cases. Ninety-four percent of cases of enuresis were having primary nocturnal enuresis and only six were having secondary nocturnal enuresis. Prevalence of enuresis decreases significantly with increasing age .There was a strong association between enuresis and family history of bed wetting. Enuresis was more commonly seen in males, in children from families of poor socio-economic status, among first child in the family, and childrenwith asymptomatic bacteriuria (Iduoriyekemwen,N.J.,2006). A cohort study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis among 13971 children at 7.5 years old, revealed that 1260 children (15.5%) at 7.5 years wet the bed, but most wet once or less a week. A higher prevalence was reported in boys than girls . 266 children had both daytime wetting and bedwetting, with 189 (2.3%) having both daytime soiling and bedwetting. Daytime urgency of urination increased with severity of bedwetting and occurred in 28.9% of children with nocturnal enuresis (Richard .J. Butler, Jean Golding, Kate Northstone, 2005). A cross sectional population based study was conducted in Turkey to establish the prevalence of enuresis among school children and determine the risk factors associated with this disorder. Among 1576 schoolchildren aged between 6-16 years, the overall prevalence of enuresis was 12.4% and a significant relationship was found between the prevalence of enuresis and age, educational level of father, the familys monthly income, and number of family members. Mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis was found to be more common in boys. Both maternal and paternal low educational status were found to be associated with mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis. It was found to be more common in the children of unemployed mothers. Nocturnal enuresis was found to be more associated with large families (Gur, E. et al., 2004). Community survey of a stratified sample of 400 children in the age group of 6-12 years in United Arab Emirates to determine the prevalence, associated socio demographic variables and associated psychopathology in children with enuresis was found out that nocturnal enuresis was associated with psychosocial stress in the family and positive family history( Eapen ,V., 2003). A randomised controlled trial was done to study self image of children with nocturnal enuresis. 50 sample in the age group of 8-12 years were included. It was found out that children with nocturnal enuresis had low self esteem than others (Theunis,et al.,2002). 2.2 Management of Nocturnal Enuresis: A randomised prospective study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of different modes of combined therapy in children with mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis. One group was treated with primary Desmopressin and another group was treated with primary alarm treatment that was combined with Desmopressin after 3 months. 22(73%) children were dry after combined treatment, consisting of 12boys and 10girls. Combined therapy proved effective in children with mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis after 6 months (Vogt, M., 2010). A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of alarm treatment in a sample of 84 Brazilian children and adolescents with nocturnal enuresis. During 32 weeks, they were received alarm treatment together with weekly psychological support sessions for individual families or groups of 5 to 10 families. 71% of the participants achieved success, by 14 consecutive dry nights. The result was same as that for children and adolescents and for individual or group support (Pereira, R.F., 2010). A descriptive study was designed to evaluate the success rates of the enuretic alarm device in patients (6-16 years) with mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis in Ankara, Turkey. 40 patients who had significant mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis (three or more wet nights per week) were included in the study. They initially used an enuretic alarm for 12 weeks initially. 27 patients became dry at night at the end of three months (Ozgur, B.C., 2009). A randomised control trial conducted in Netherland to assess the short- and long-term effects of simple behavioural interventions for nocturnal enuresis in young children note that nocturnal enuresis occurs in up to 10% of 10-year-old children and that boys have higher rates of enuresis at older ages than do girls. This study compared the relative effectiveness of 3 treatments with a control group. Parents completed diaries detailing night enuresis episodes for up to 6 months after enrolment. The study enrolled 570 participants and 140 to 147 children were there in each of the 4 groups. Sixty percent of the children were male. Success rates at least 14 nights dry in a row at 6 months after enrolment were 21% in the control group, 27% in the lifting with password group, 37% in the lifting without password group, and 32% in the star chart/reward group (Van Dommelen, P., 2009). A prospective study was done to evaluate the long-term success of the enuretic alarm device in patients with mono symptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis in Turkey. Sixty-two children who had significant mono symptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis were included in this study. They used an alarm for 3 months. 15 of the patients did not have benefit from the enuretic alarm. 47 patients benefited from the enuretic alarm. Thirty-one of the 62 patients underwent combination treatment (enuretic alarm plus medical therapy) for unsuccessful enuretic alarm treatment. The full response rate for combination therapy was 16.1%. (Tuncel A, et al., 2008). A randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare alarm interventions with no specific treatment, behavioural interventions, drugs or other treatment for treatment of non-organic nocturnal enuresis in children less than 16 years found that alarms reduced nocturnal enuresis and treatment failure (Glazener, C. M., 2008). A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 423 children in the age group of 6-12 years to evaluate the combination of enuresis alarm and desmopressin in treating children with enuresis found out that 74% of children treated only with alarm became dry and 26% of children being cured by combination of desmopressin and alarm (Kamperis, K., 2008). A randomised controlled trial was done in Turkey to evaluate the effectiveness of short term desmopressin to enuritic alarm. 58 children were included in the study. The results showed that addition of short term desmopressin to alarm therapy was more effective only in the treatment time, but it did not change the response to alarm therapy in long term (Aktas, B. K., 2008). A study was conducted to determine the effect and predictive factors of relapse 1 year after combination therapy of an enuresis alarm, bladder training therapy, motivational therapy and retention control training for nocturnal enuresis. It was done in 77 children at Gasthuisberg. Gender, age, sleep arousal, family-history, bladder capacity, overactive bladder, night-time polyuria, duration of treatment, and psychosocial factors were investigated. The relapse rate during the whole year was 50%, with 33.8% of subjects being dry and 16.2% sometimes wet. The relapse rate after 1 year was 16%. The relapse rate during the treatment year was high, but the relapse rate after 1 year was low.It was found out that psychosocial problems and overactive bladder were the only 2 predictive factors for relapse (Van Kampen M, et al., 2004). A retrospective study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of behavioural therapy for primary nocturnal enuresis.250 children in the age group of 5-17 years were selected for the study it was found out that behavioral therapy is effective than desmopressin (Marcopennes, et al., 2004). In a case-based study, on a 6 year 6 month old child with complaints of bedwetting twice a week, a complete physical examination and history collection was performed. Child was treated with motivational therapy and was recommended parents of the child to be supportive of the patients dry nights avoid criticism of wet nights, avoid excessive fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime and emptying his bladder at bedtime. After 1 month it was found that bedwetting problem had improved significantly (Paredes, 2002). A controlled trial was undertaken to evaluate the practicability and efficacy of treating enuretic children in residential Childrens Homes by using enuresis alarm. An experimental design was employed with 19 and 20 subjects in the treatment and control groups respectively. Eighteen of the nineteen treatment group children achieved initial arrest of enuresis in a mean of 11.9 weeks of treatment (range 5-28 weeks). After a follow-up period of 20 months, 17, out of the 19 children were known to be dry. It was concluded that alarm treatment was effective and practicable in Childrens Homes as in family situations (Jehu, D., 2002). A randomised controlled trial was conducted at Canada to determine the self concept and behaviour change after 6 months of treatment with conditioning alarm. 182 children of age more than 7 years were included and it was found that there is improvement in the childrens self concept after alarm treatment (Longstaff, S., 2000). A randomised prospective study was done in France to compare the effectiveness of desmopressin and alarm treatment. 135 children were included in the study from the age group of 6-16 years. The study results showed that desmopressin was effective only for short term and enuresis alarm was effective for long term (Faraj, G. et al., 1999) A study conducted to find out the effectiveness of star charts among127 children who were referred to an enuresis clinic. The average age of the children who were included in the study was 8.8 years old. Most of them had severe enuresis, which was already unsuccessfully treated. Of the 127 children, 22 became dry when star charts were used to reward their behaviour. Eighty-one of the remaining 96 children had an initial success of 42 consecutive dry nights. Failure to achieve dryness for six months was strongly associated with psychiatric disorders of the children, family stress, and the absence of concern by child and parents (Hanafin, 1998). An experimental study was conducted in United Kingdom to assess the efficacy of alarm mono therapy with combination of alarm and desmopressin. 35 children in the age group of 6-12 years were included in the study. Study showed that children receiving combination therapy had more dry nights per week (Bradburry, M., 1997). A retrospective study among 541 children at childrens Hospital of Florence University revealed that motivational therapy is effective. All the patients have been initially helped only with motivational counseling and 76 among them became dry at nights permanently . The remaining 250 children were treated with the conditioning alarm system, always associated with motivation, urine control exercises and other psychological support like token economy. After a follow-up of 6 months of this kind of treatment ,permanent recovery were there in 211 children (84%).No significant difference was noted in relation to sex. These positive results for the conditioning devices shows that the etiology of primary enuresis is mainly biologic. The bell alarm treatment is the most effective treatment for nocturnal enuresis (Bartolozzi, G., 1991). A study conducted to identify family factors, and with emotional stress factors related to nocturnal enuresis, 127 children who were referred to an enuresis clinic in Sydney were studied. The average age of the children was 8.8 years old. Most of them had severe enuresis and had been already treated unsuccessfully. One-third of the childrens fathers and 70 percent of mothers were unemployed. 41 % of parents acknowledged environmental stresses such as financial or marital disharmony , or serious illness or death in the family.Out of 127 children, 22 became dry when star charts were used to reward their behaviour. Eighty-one of the remaining children had an initial success of 42 consecutive dry nights. The study suggests that the high success rate in these children is related to close supervision by clinical personnel, encouragement by the family, and by giving the child almost complete responsibility for continuing the program. The study suggests that careful identification of associa ted factors like medical illness, familial stress, and other problems such as housing must be addressed as part of an effective enuresis program (Devlin, J.B., 1990).

welfare reform :: essays research papers

divorced, deserted, and minority mothers and their children. Few private and government retirement pensions existed in the United States before the Great Depression. The prevailing view was that individuals should save for their old age or be supported by their children. About 30 states provided some welfare aid to poor elderly persons without any source of income. Local officials generally decided who deserved old-age assistance in their community. The emphasis during the first two years of President Franklin Roosevelt's "New Deal" was to provide work relief for the millions of unemployed Americans. Federal money came to the states pay for public works projects, which employed the jobless. Some federal aid also directly assisted needy victims of the Depression. The states, however, remained mainly responsible for taking care of the unemployables (widows, poor children, the elderly poor, and the disabled). But states and private charities, too, were unable to keep up the support of these people at a time when tax collections and personal giving were declining steeply. In his State of the Union Address before Congress on January 4, 1935, President Roosevelt said â€Å"the time has come for action by the national government" to provide "security against the major hazards and vicissitudes [uncertainties] of life." He went on to propose the creation of federal unemployment and old-age insurance programs. He also called for guaranteed benefits for poor single mothers and their children along with other dependent persons. By permanently expanding federal responsibility for the security of all Americans, Roosevelt believed that the necessity for government make-work employment and other forms of Depression relief would disappear. In his address before Congress, Roosevelt argued that the continuation of government relief programs was a bad thing for the country: â€Å"lessons of history, confirmed by the evidence immediately before me, show conclusively that continued dependence upon relief induces a spiritual and moral disintegration fundamentally destructive to the national fiber. To dole out relief in this way is to administer a narcotic, a subtle destroyer of the human spirit . . ..† A few months later, on August 18, 1935, Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. It set up a federal retirement program for persons over 65, which was financed by a payroll tax paid jointly by employers and their workers. FDR believed that federal old-age pensions together with employer-paid unemployment insurance (also a part of the Social Security Act) would provide the economic security people needed during both good and bad times.

Families in a Modern Society-Victorians

Victorian Times- 1837-1901 What do Victorian times mean? Victorian times means during Victoria's rule. The time Queen Victoria was on the throne. She ruled for 64 years. What was it like living in the Victorian times? There was no electricity, instead gas lamps or candles were used for light. There were no cars. People walked, travelled by boat or train or used coach horses to move from place to place. Why are the Victorians so famous? Britain managed to build a huge empire during the Victorian period. It was also a time of tremendous change in the lives of British people.In 1837 most people lived in villages and worked on the land; by 1901, most lived in towns and worked in offices, shops and factories. During Queen Victoria's reign: †¢Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the world, with the largest empire that had ever existed, ruling a quarter of the world's population. †¢Towns and cities got piped water, gas and, by the end of the century, electricity †¢The number of people living in Britain more than doubled from 16 million to 37 million, causing a huge demand for food, clothes and housing. Factories and machines were built to meet this demand and new towns grew up, changing the landscape and the ways people lived and worked. †¢Railways, originally built to transport goods, meant people could travel easily around the country for the first time. Railways brought new foods to towns and cities. †¢Many households had a servant or servants – in 1891, 2 million servants were recorded in the census †¢Seaside holidays were ‘invented' (became popular). †¢Police Force ‘invented'. †¢New cookers and gadgets for the home were invented.What was Family life like during the Victorian times? Your quality of life during the Victorian times depended on whether you were rich or poor. Rich Victorians enjoyed a good and easy life; Poor Victorians had a rough and hard life, often ending up in the workh ouse or early death. How many children did a normal Victorian family have? Families were usually large; in 1870 many families had five or six children. Victorian Children Life was not the same for all children during the Victorian times. The kind of life a child had in the Victorian times depended on its family.Children from working class families had few luxuries, ate poor food, worked long hours lived in damp, filthy conditions, many children died of disease. Children from rich families usually well fed, clean and well clothed, didn’t need to work, went on holidays, had expensive toys, and had pets such as ponies. What did child call his/her father? They called their fathers ‘sir ‘Each member of the family had their own role and children were taught to â€Å"know their place† and â€Å"be seen and not heard. Religion Region was very important to the Victorians.A great number of people went to church, at least once and probably twice, every Sunday. Food At the beginning of the Victorian period, people relied on the foods that were in season and available locally or those which had been pickled or preserved. Later, when the railways were built, many new fresh foods were available. The invention of the steam ship, and of transport refrigeration, meant that also meat, fish and fruit could be imported from overseas quite cheaply.There were no fridges and freezes in the homes to keep food for a long time, so meals were limited by small shops. Clothing Victorian people dressed appropriately to their age, and position in society Toys Poor families made their own, such as cloth-peg dolls and paper windmills. Rich Children Girls played with dolls and tea sets whilst boys played with toy soldiers and marbles. Housing Most cities and towns were not prepared for the great increase of people looking for accommodation to live near their work place.There was a shortage of houses; so many people had to share a room in other people’s houses. Rooms were rented to whole families or perhaps several families. Often ten or twelve people shared one room. If there were no rooms to rent, people stayed in lodging houses. Many factory owners built houses for their workers near their factories. The houses were built close together really quickly and cheaply. These houses often had two rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs. They were not really big enough for the large families people tended to have during the Victorian time.The houses also did not have running water and toilets. Up to 100 houses had to share an outdoor pump to get their water and share an outside toilet. To make things worse, the water from the pump was often polluted. 21st century The 21st century is the current century (today) What is it like living in the 21st century times? We live in an exciting time. Never before in the history are there so many resources available for individuals. Never before in the history are there so many opportunities for us. Here, in the 21st century, lack of resources or opportunities is no longer a problem.The problem is how to take advantage of them We now have electricity, instead of gas lamps or candles. We have gas central heating for instant hot water and heat at the touch of a button. We have cars and public transport, people seldom walk. What is Family life like during the 21st century times? A mixture of different families in the modern society defines the 21st century life. One parent families, dysfunctional families, traditional families, nuclear families and reconstituted families. How many children are normal for the 21st century family have? Families of the 21st Century come in all shapes and sizes.Divorce, remarriage, parenting out-of-wedlock and a host of other variables have turned nuclear families into the exception rather than the norm. 21st Century Children The twenty-first century is known for its cool gadgets and gizmos MP3 Players, iPhones, DVD's. The surge in Internet use and social n etworking. From Facebook to My space, everyone is online, and hooking up with other likeminded individuals from all over the planet. Another important technological phenomenon is the widespread use of wireless technology. Children have many luxuries, eat well, do not work, go on holidays, have expensive toys, many have pets.Children live in clean, humane conditions; have vaccinations and medicines to protect against disease. Laws are in place to protect the health and safety of children. Food Improving people's health through healthy foods available 24-7 from supermarkets where everything is provided and available. Local shops are also available and Take always and cafes etc. For eating out. Clothing Ready to wear industry, expensive and unique fashion styles. Housing Housing is now provided by the local council for you and your family, sharing with other families and overcrowding is against the law.

Examining Yourself as a Writer Essay

The art of writing is a unique skill that requires the writer to have great flexibility and be open to improvement. Some may consider themselves a â€Å"perfect writer†, when in reality, no one is, and will ever be. Writing is a process that requires one to continuously build on skills learned in previous situations, applying new techniques and strategies to future writing projects. Different settings require different writing styles, and with that being said, one must be willing to change their writing skills to suit the requirements of their current setting. In the following essay I will reflect on past writing assignments, identifying my best and worst writing courses, strengths and weaknesses as a writer, and my opinion on why writing may or may not be beneficial to me throughout my career. Although I consider English/Composition one of my strong points, writing wouldn’t fall into the category of things I like to do. As bad as it sounds, I’m the type of person who only writes when it’s required of me to do so. As I look back on my writing career I’d have to say my best writing course was a course entitled Health Disparities. I took this course my junior year at Spelman College and was required to write quite a few papers. I would name this course my best in terms of writing because we were able to choose between a number of topics to write our papers on, versus just one, and each topic focused on something I personally am very interested in, which is health. Most of the papers required 5-10 pages, but because I was interested in the topics 5-10 pages felt like 3-5. The professor provided detailed feedback on our papers, giving us the opportunity to revise the paper before turning in the final copy. I would have to say that my worst writing co urse was Intro to Eastern Religious Traditions. I disliked this course because the subject matter itself confused me. The writing assignments were outlandish and required a great deal of critical thinking and research on a topic that I found to be very complex and confusing. I am not a big fan of research papers, especially when I have no interest in the topic of discussion. Another thing that made it so bad was the fact that the professor was very strict and it seemed like nothing was good enough. It was from this course that I learned the importance of being an open writer, in  terms of adjusting my writing style to accept new forms and topics of writing. All writers have strengths and weaknesses when it comes to their ability to formulate a piece of literature. One of my main strengths in writing is the ability to formulate sentences that are grammatically correct. I have always been particular about using correct punctuation, spelling words correctly, and making sure my sentences flow. I would also consider my vocabulary to be quite extensive, allowing for the use of more sophisticated words throughout my writing. My weaknesses include issues with starting my introduction, expressing my ideas and thoughts in a concise and coherent manner, and formulating the body of my paper, as far as weeding out what is and isn’t important in relation to my thesis statement. When given a prompt, so many thoughts start flowing through my head that I sometimes get overwhelmed and can’t decide what information I should and shouldn’t use. One thing I’ve never been too keen on is outlining my thoughts before beginning a piece of writing. I’m the type of person who thinks and writes at the same time, which may not allow me to adequately brainstorm on the information that should be provided in my writing. With that being said, I will work on first, placing my ideas on paper, then placing those ideas into an outline, and lastly formulating my paper into a smooth and concise piece of writing In my opinion, writing is a fundamental aspect of all facets of life, especially in most, if not all careers. If one is unable to write, it can be very hard for them to carry out even the smallest tasks. You don’t have to be an expert writer, but basic writing skills are a must. In my future career as a Nurse, writing will be very relevant. Nurses have to complete patient charts, provide detailed explanations of the patient’s care regimes for those who will be providing care to the patients after them, etc. Communication between nurses and doctors is crucial and if not documented with precision a patient’s life could be in jeopardy. A nurse without writing capabilities would not be able to perform their job with the proficiency that they should. As previously mentioned, writing is a process that welcomes proficiency, but not perfection. One must understand the importance of being flexible and open to change when it comes to writing. Practicing good writing skills can be a little difficult but, it’s a long-term commitment which facilitates the ability to develop better writing habits. With great effort, weaknesses can be turned into strengths,  and current strengths can always be improved. I look forward to improving my ability to articulate my ideas in a clear and intelligent manner, as well as practicing my new skills in and outside of this course, as well as in my future career as a Nurse.

Your Best Friend and My Lifes Work - Short persuasive essay about Dog Training

Your Best Friend and My Lifes Work - Short persuasive essay about Dog Training Let's face it, most of us love dogs. Getting a dog can be a good decision that leads to a rewarding loving relationship. It is also a lesson in responsibility and patience. Living with a dog can be a daydream, or a nightmare; the experience depends on the choices of the owner.When most people go grocery shopping, they take inventory of what they have, what is still needed, have a budget to stick to, and then they make a list. But when it comes to making the life changing decision of getting a dog, some people will go out shopping and let the dog choose them! Getting the right dog is just as important as planning and preparing to bring home a baby. Becoming a dog owner comes with many responsibilities. It is important to consider all the ramifications of owning an animal, before a commitment is made that will last for years and affect one's future.Two Doberman PinschersAfter all, the dog will become a family member for the rest of it's life.Making the right choice in breed and plannin g is essential for success. For instance, while planning consider these things: lifestyle, time schedule, budget, and the home environment. All dogs have their own special characteristics that define their particular breed. When choosing an animal a person must also consider even one's own personality. A calm independent individual, might not want to get a Chihuahua that will act like a cling-on, bark at every shadow, and vibrate in his/her lap. People who have little time and money to spend on a dog's hygiene, should eliminate the idea of getting a long haired breed that requires heavy brushing every other day and a trip to the groomers once a month. A Doberman might not be a good choice with...

Heart of Darkness vs Apocalypse Now essays

Heart of Darkness vs Apocalypse Now essays In the article, Narratological Parallels in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and Francis Ford Coppolas Apocalypse Now Linda Costanzo Cahir compares and contrasts both the novella and the film. Both writers had the same theme and meaning in mind, but their structure and technique was what made the stories different. In both the novel and the film, we see the central character (Marlow or Willard) as a man drastically altered by a past experience. Each story begins with the main character explaining how he was appointed to take the journey up the river. Both Marlow and Willard made three unscheduled stops with the crew. The third stop being the soul-altering confrontation with the mysterious Kurtz (Cahir 1). Although the plot is the same, the stories are different. Not only in the way they are told, but also in the way the main character endures the excursion. Linda Costanzo Cahir speaks about the recording eye. The narrator serves as the recording eye in Heart of Darkness. Being invisible only between the teller and listener, the narrator sees what is going on and reports back to the reader. We see what the narrator sees just as we see what a camera sees. The narrator controls what we hear and see at all times. Apocalypse Now is a more contemporary version of Heart of Darkness, retold through a camera. Coppolas camera retells Benjamin Willards tale (2). We see everything through the eye of the camera. Another similarity between the two stories is the audience. Either by book or my film, this story is being told to someone. In Heart of Darkness, the narrator is telling the story to the other people on the boat, while in Apocalypse Now, Willard is telling the story to the audience. Like Chaucers Pilgrims, Conrads character (in this frame portion if the story) are identified by their professions only; and they, too, passed the t...

East India Company - History of Britain

East India Company - History of Britain The East India Company was a private company which, after a long series of wars and diplomatic efforts, came to rule India in the 19th century. Chartered by Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, the original company comprised a group of London merchants who hoped to trade for spices at islands in present day Indonesia. Ships of the companys first voyage sailed from England in February 1601. After a series of conflicts with Dutch and Portuguese traders active in the Spice Islands, the East India Company concentrated its efforts on trading on the Indian subcontinent. The East India Company Began to Focus on Importing From India In the early 1600s the East India Company began dealing with the Mogul rulers of India. On the Indian coasts, English traders set up outposts which would eventually become the cities of Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. Numerous products, including silk, cotton, sugar, tea, and opium, began to be exported out of India. In return, English goods, including wool, silver, and other metals, were shipped to India. The company found itself having to hire its own armies to defend trading posts. And over time what began as a commercial enterprise also became a military and diplomatic organization. British Influence Spread Across India in the 1700s In the early 1700s the Mogul Empire was collapsing, and various invaders, including Persians and Afghans, entered India. But the major threat to British interests came from the French, who began seizing British trading posts. At the Battle of Plassey, in 1757, forces of the East India Company, though greatly outnumbered, defeated Indian forces backed by the French. The British, led by Robert Clive, had successfully checked the French incursions. And the company took possession of Bengal, an important region of northeastern India, which greatly increased the companys holdings. In the late 1700s, company officials became notorious for returning to England and showing off the enormous wealth they had accumulated while in India. They were referred to as nabobs, which was the English pronunciation of nawab, the word for a Mogul leader. Alarmed by reports of enormous corruption in India, the British government began to take some control over company affairs. The government began appointing the companys highest official, the governor-general. The first man to hold the governor-general position, Warren Hastings, was eventually impeached when members of Parliament became resentful at the economic excesses of the nabobs. The East India Company In the Early 1800s The successor to Hastings, Lord Cornwallis (who is remembered in America for having surrendered to George Washington during his military service in the American War of Independence) served as governor-general from 1786 to 1793. Cornwallis set a pattern which would be followed for years, instituting reforms and rooting out the corruption which allowed employees of the company to amass great personal fortunes. Richard Wellesley, who served as governor general in India from 1798 to 1805 was instrumental in extending the rule of the company in India. He ordered the invasion and acquisition of Mysore in 1799. And the first decades of the 19th century became an era of military successes and territorial acquisitions for the company. In 1833 the Government of India act enacted by Parliament actually ended the companys trading business, and the company essentially became the de facto government in India. In the late 1840s and 1850s the governor-general of India, Lord Dalhousie, began to utilize a policy known as the doctrine of lapse to acquire territory. The policy held that if an Indian ruler died without an heir, or was known to be incompetent, the British could take the territory. The British expanded their territory, and their income, by using the doctrine. But it was seen as illegitimate by the Indian population and led to discord. Religious Discord Led to the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny Throughout the 1830s and 1840s tensions increased between the company and the Indian population. In addition to acquisitions of land by the British causing widespread resentment, there were many problems centered on issues of religion. A number of Christian missionaries had been allowed into India by the East India Company. And the native population started to become convinced that the British intended to convert the entire Indian subcontinent to Christianity. In the late 1850s the introduction of a new type of cartridge for the Enfield rifle became a focal point. The cartridges were wrapped in paper which had been coated with grease, so as to make it easier to slide the cartridge down a rifle barrel. Among the native soldiers employed by the company, who were known as sepoys, rumors spread that the grease used in manufacturing the cartridges was derived from cows and pigs. As those animals were forbidden to Hindus and Muslims, there were even suspicions that the British purposely intended to undermine the religions of the Indian population. Outrage over the use of grease, and a refusal to use the new rifle cartridges, led to the bloody Sepoy Mutiny in the spring and summer of 1857. The outbreak of violence, which was also known as the Indian Revolt of 1857, effectively brought about the end of the East India Company. Following the uprising in India, the British government dissolved the company. Parliament passed the Government of India Act of 1858, which ended the companys role in India and declared that India would be governed by the British crown. The companys impressive headquarters in London, East India House, was torn down in 1861. In 1876 Queen Victoria would declare herself Empress of India. And the British would retain control of India until independence was achieved in the late 1940s.

Communication Difficulties in English Speaking Essay

Communication Difficulties in English Speaking - Essay Example In native English speaking countries such as the United States, England and Australia, the accent and the vocabularies are slightly different. In countries like India and China English is accepted as a second language and has included in the curriculum because of the importance of English as an international language. But even then peoples from non-native English speaking countries were experiencing problems in communicating with those who have English as their mother tongue. â€Å"With the number of foreign investors flocking to India and the growth of outsourcing, English has come to play a key role in professional relationships between foreign and Indian companies. Familiarity with the differences between American and British English has definitely grown as much business communication is carried out according to the language style with which a client is comfortable.† (Khokhar) This paper briefly analyzes the problems faced in communicating through English by two different groups of people from one native English speaking country, Australia and one non-native English speaking country, India. In a communication process, the addresser and the addressee use a frame of reference: their knowledge of the subject under discussion, their experience in professional or individual terms, their norms, i.e. the norms of the society in which they live, their assumptions, i.e. what is taken as a factor believed to be true. Australians and the Indians have entirely different cultures and attitudes. India is one of the biggest and heavily populated country having diversified languages and cultures whereas Australia is comparatively a small country having almost a unique culture and religion. The outlooks of these societies may be different because of their cultural differences and hence in communications also these differences can play a part. Though it is closer to British English since it originates from that style, with the influx of globalization American English has definitely had an impact on the youth as well as in the professional sphere.

What Are the Fundamental Purposes of Business and the Responsibilities Assignment

What Are the Fundamental Purposes of Business and the Responsibilities of Strategic Leaders - Assignment Example the consuming public, reference will not only be made to those who patronise the products and services of particular businesses but all other people who in a way may be affected by what a business entity does. It is not surprising that in the 1970s, Milton Friedman saw the sole purpose of business as making profits but with time, this changed to a much holistic responsibility of creating and keeping customers by Peter Drucker. Based on the dynamic needs of society by the years, it will strongly be accepted that today, the primary purpose of business is to solve peoples problems. This is certainly an all-in-all purpose that comes with a lot of implications for doing business. First, it implies that people are the real focus for doing business. With people being the real focus of doing business also, it is not just about creating business around people and taking opportunity of them but then engaging in a shared-responsibility that ensures that the people also benefit from the business (Porter & Kramer, 2006). There are a number of theories and concepts that have been used in literature to explain the form of shared-responsibility between businesses and the people. One of these is the concept of sustainability. Under the sustainability framework, businesses are expected to be functional from three major perspectives which are economic, social, and environmental (Porter & Kramer, 2006). As far as economic su stainability is concerned, the old school of thought on the purpose of making profit can be said to be applicable. In the remaining two which are social and environmental however, businesses are deemed to operate in a way that makes them useful to the larger society and the environment surrounding them (Wolfe, 2011). Because of the change with the purpose of businesses, the responsibility of the people behind the wheels of any typical business has also changed very significantly. Today, it can be said that the primary responsibility of senior leaders is to

Should English be the Official Language Term Paper

Should English be the Official Language - Term Paper Example The politicians have always avoided the issue and there has always been a silent agreement that English is the official language. Nevertheless, during the history, there have been a few moments where the debate gained significant attention and discussion. For example, it was in the year 1907 when President Roosevelt wrote, â€Å"We have room for but one language in this country, and that is the English language, for we intend to see that the crucible turns our people out as Americans, of American nationality, and not as dwellers in a polyglot boarding house† (Garcia, 2005). Furthermore, during the First World War, as an attempt to sideline the German language, along with removing the books in the German language from the libraries, people were feeling the need of one common language. However, over the past few years, this debate has gained momentum and experts fear that the issue of national language that is alien to the culture of the United States may tear the country apart, as it has done in many other nations in the world (Simpson, 2009). As of 2010, thirty states had adopted English as the official language with laws protecting the same. It is interesting here to note the struggle in the state of Arizona where English recently became the only official language with full force. ...   Nevertheless, in the year 2005, another bill regarding making English as the official language was passed by the legislature but the Governor vetoed it. Finally, it was during the fall of 2010 when the struggle of the campaigners in Arizona bore fruit and English once again became the only official language of the state. A national language is very much like a national flag or a national anthem whose sole purpose is to protect the identity of the nation. Furthermore, the national language is symbolic of the nation and their culture and considering the diverse cultures in the United States, English as the official language will allow these diverse people to develop a sense of identity and association with their culture and country through the language (Cummins, 2000). Important here to note is that by making English as the national language, the country will save billions, if not trillions, every year from the money spent in the educational system. The governments spend a huge sum of money in order to improve the reading and speaking skills of students who are non-native speakers. In fact, for many years, this has remained a weak spot of our educational system. Making English as the official language will help the governments save the money spent on reading bills, translations and teaching more than one languages at schools (Simpson, 2009). Opponents of the current stance believe that by making English as the official language, one would suppress the other languages and the native languages of the immigrants thus making them lose the part of their culture. However, the same is not true.

Ethics within the British armaments industry Essay

Ethics within the British armaments industry - Essay Example One industry facing this ethical dilemma is armaments. On one hand, the development, production and sale of armaments are an extremely profitable business, serving national strategic, economic, and defensive purposes (Havemann 1998, pp.241-242). On the other hand, it carries unintended consequences - promoting war and violence - whose effects cannot be easily avoided short of halting business activity altogether (Havemann 1998, pp.242-243; Gowri 2004, p.33). Thus, while it is sufficient for most enterprises to act ethically by ensuring that their actions comply with the minimum standards of avoiding harmful practices and exercising good conduct, such criteria seems inadequate in evaluating the ethical responsibility of businesses involved in armaments production, which produces foreseeable, but unintended harm regardless of good business practices (Mahoney 1990, p.545; Gowri 2004, p.33). For the UK, these issues are magnified in scope and intensity because apart from having one of th e largest armaments industries in the world, with its leading company BAE Systems, the growing interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and governments worldwide implies a global societal impact. Given the benefits and harm associated with armaments production, can its development, construction and sale be a fully justified business activity As this essay will argue, these activities, although not inherently good acts are morally indifferent business practices. Hence, using the principle of double effect and Gowri's (2004, pp.40-41) concept of moral externalities, the development, production and sale of armaments can be considered a fully justified business activity. Nonetheless, it is the responsibility of businesses to ensure that they manufacture armaments only within legitimately accepted circumstances. The Business of Armaments AND Britain Occupying a sizeable share of the British manufacturing sector, the armaments industry's importance for the country is undeniable. As Havemann (1998, p.242) notes, for a medium-sized economy that is highly dependent on trade such as the United Kingdom, armaments constitutes a significant part of the economy, with major players like BAE Systems, ranking 4th globally in the world in 2004 (Dunne and Surry 2006, p. 421) and UK arms production amounting to $19.2 billion in total sales in 2000, alone (Stockholm International Peace and Research Institute [SIPRI] 2003). Economically speaking, these statistics translate to several macroeconomic and microeconomic benefits to the United Kingdom (Havemann 1998, p. 242). First, given its large share within manufacturing, the armaments industry has been reported to provide a significant amount of jobs, with 155,000 workers directly employed in arms producing activities and 150,000 indirectly working within the arms production supply chain (SIPRI 2003). Armaments production also helps boost the country's export performance, with companies like BAE Systems exporting 80% of its total sales, British arms exports generated $6.7 in 2000 (SIPRI 2003), significantly contributing to the UK's annual trade balance. Furthermore, with supply chain links in related industries such as information technology, systems integration, aerospace, and metallurgy, as well as the oil and gas sectors, it is clear that arms producing ac

Love biblical narratives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Love biblical narratives - Essay Example In some ways, the teachings in Leviticus seem to equate physical imperfection with spiritual imperfection. Other topics in addition to instruction for the Levites concern how to remain pure by avoiding all sorts of activities and items that are considered unclean. The book of Job is one of the books of the Old Testament that is in the wisdom genre. The book begins by establishing Job as a righteous person. He has a large family, is pious and has been blessed with great wealth. Satan asks permission to tempt Job, accusing God of protecting Job too much. God agrees and Job looses his material wealth and family in a series of mishaps. Job is devastated but stays faithful to God. Three of his friends arrive to comfort him. By this time, Job has been afflicted with boils and other physical ailments. All of Job’s friends agree that Job must have sinned to warrant such treatment from God. Job denies this and stays faithful to God. After much debate, God’s voice can be heard congratulating Job for his faithfulness and scolding Job’s friends for their lack of understanding. The lesson to be learned is that God rules over all of his creations and requires faithfulness even during trials. The book of Nehemiah in the Old Testament is a narrative book. Nehemiah begins the story in the court or Artaxerxes, the ruler in Babylon. He convinces him to allow him to return to Jerusalem with a small group of Jews to reestablish the city walls and temple worship. Nehemiah is granted permission but is immediately opposed by Sanballat and other local leaders who are not pleased to see a return of Jews to Jerusalem. Nehemiah arms his laborers and they complete the construction of the wall and repairs to the temple. Sanballat continues to scheme against Nehemiah, but is thwarted by the righteousness of the people. Many Jews return to Jerusalem to worship. Ezra reads from scripture and Nehemiah

Must Internet purchases be subject to sales tax Essay

Must Internet purchases be subject to sales tax - Essay Example According to Engler and Cellucci, "Ernst & Young concluded that 63% of total e-commerce sales to consumers are sales not taxable in most states". As for the taxable sales, "that same study also found that 60% of the taxable business-to-consumer Internet sales are substitutes for other types of sales, such as mail-order catalog sales by out-of state vendors, that do not currently generate sales or use tax revenue". Proponents for Internet tax also argue that "it is not a new tax" but the enforcement of existing laws that give mail order stores the right to collect sales tax (Senate Nixes Sales Tax on Catalogue, Internet Sales 1). Moreover, sales of the brick and mortar store continue to grow despite the flourishing of online stores (Engler and Cellucci 1-3). A brick-and-mortar store is able to provide consumers with service that the online store is unable to offer, such as getting to try the goods or see it physically before deciding to buy it. Furthermore, Internet taxes would require the electronic tracking of purchases (Engler and Cellucci 3).

Love biblical narratives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Love biblical narratives - Essay Example In some ways, the teachings in Leviticus seem to equate physical imperfection with spiritual imperfection. Other topics in addition to instruction for the Levites concern how to remain pure by avoiding all sorts of activities and items that are considered unclean. The book of Job is one of the books of the Old Testament that is in the wisdom genre. The book begins by establishing Job as a righteous person. He has a large family, is pious and has been blessed with great wealth. Satan asks permission to tempt Job, accusing God of protecting Job too much. God agrees and Job looses his material wealth and family in a series of mishaps. Job is devastated but stays faithful to God. Three of his friends arrive to comfort him. By this time, Job has been afflicted with boils and other physical ailments. All of Job’s friends agree that Job must have sinned to warrant such treatment from God. Job denies this and stays faithful to God. After much debate, God’s voice can be heard congratulating Job for his faithfulness and scolding Job’s friends for their lack of understanding. The lesson to be learned is that God rules over all of his creations and requires faithfulness even during trials. The book of Nehemiah in the Old Testament is a narrative book. Nehemiah begins the story in the court or Artaxerxes, the ruler in Babylon. He convinces him to allow him to return to Jerusalem with a small group of Jews to reestablish the city walls and temple worship. Nehemiah is granted permission but is immediately opposed by Sanballat and other local leaders who are not pleased to see a return of Jews to Jerusalem. Nehemiah arms his laborers and they complete the construction of the wall and repairs to the temple. Sanballat continues to scheme against Nehemiah, but is thwarted by the righteousness of the people. Many Jews return to Jerusalem to worship. Ezra reads from scripture and Nehemiah

Individual project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual project - Essay Example Many of the employees consider cultural diversity to be merely about dealing with colleagues and customers affiliated to varied nations and races. In fact, nothing could be far from the truth. Accepting cultural diversity is about having a right approach to modern business. Quintessentially speaking, accepting cultural diversity or adapting to cross-cultural ethos is about understanding, professing and accepting allegiance to the age-old values of good communication, respect for personal and individual differences and work place and professional variations. People come across and face diversity in all the aspects of life, are it at home or at work. Diversity may not necessarily ensue from color, nationality or race, but may be political, technical, legal or ethical in its origins. Diversity is an inalienable aspect of the general fabric of the modern multicultural societies and a globalized economy and businesses being a part of the society are not devoid of it. In such a scenario, i t is imperative for the employees to not to consider the cross-cultural issues in business as barriers, but to regard diversity as an asset and to try to learn the ways to adapt to and benefit from diversity. This topic is very relevant to this plan. It is important that the employees working within the organization realize that the current global environment is fast shifting towards a multi-polar equilibrium. The current economic order relies for its sustenance on comparative cultural advantages (Culpepper, 2000). The business technologies and skills within the specific nations have evolved around their fundamental cultural mores and peculiarities. For example, the Japanese excel in quality, the Chinese are known for their entrepreneurial skills, Koreans command a lead in manufacturing, whereas as the West leads in innovation and technology. The employees should not only be able to benefit from the comparative cultural

What Is A Pressure Group?

What Is A Pressure Group? Pressure groups are known to be small and extremely diverse formed on the basis of interest and activities, their functions give them a high public profile where minds are influenced and driven to make change. A Pressure group is an organisation which seeks to influence the details of a comparatively small range of public policies and which is not a function of a recognised political party (Baggott, 1995: p.2). An aim of pressure groups is to generate support which can influence political agendas; this can directly persuade the government to think about taking action. In this essay I will concentrate upon exploring on various issues on pressure groups, discussing the relationship between the groups, their use of the media and their status as insiders and outsiders in the political process. Pressure groups have two main types of groups the insiders and outsiders, which each promote a common cause with a different relationship with the media and political party making one as an unheard voice in the public sphere. To the public Pressure groups is another form where the public can engage in politics, participating directly in the political process. I will also intricate in this essay the growths of pressure groups due to their use of the media and their political engagement. The size of a group is a basic indicator of how much public support they get especially those that posses open membership, they mobilise through demonstrations, protest involving some non members through organised events. The different types of well known pressure groups that I will include are Greenpeace, Child Poverty Action Group , Police Federation and Friends of the earth. These are high profile groups that bring about transformation to society focusing on the ability to gain access to media coverage for a high public profile. The political process can also benefit from this as they ensure that the media will concentrate on issues that will benefit them the most. Exerting influence on gove rnment and the policy making process is the ultimate aim of pressure groups (Lowe and Goyder, 1983, p79). In Paul Smith a study of pressure group behaviour. This quote again highlights the aim of pressure groups as they want their marginalised voices to be heard by the people that can have an immediate influence on policy making process. Body Pressure groups represent, influence and build upon their public; they have to demonstrate further political support to gain their position. It can be achieved through parliamentary lobbying; this is when groups are in frequent contact with the House of Commons or House of Lords. There are various reasons why groups lobby parliament, Rush (1990) explain three possible reasons one of which is outside organisations fail to perceive parliaments place in the policy- making process, believing it to have more influence over policy than is actually the case. The second is parliament is used when pressure elsewhere has failed and therefore is the last resort for those unable to influence ministers and senior civil servants. The third is that parliament does have an impact on policy. Groups deliberately choose a strategy which involves parliamentary lobbying because they correctly believe that this will bring benefits in terms of policy (Baggott, 1995: p. 135). There is evidence to support al l three reasons as groups believe that parliament is all powerful, and that by simply lobbying MPs they will secure their objectives. Public opinion is essential and important in policy decisions, concerns by the public is easily expressed through pressure groups. an example Shelter and the child poverty action group in the 1960s reflected a wider public concern about the failure of the welfare state to provide for the poor (Baggott, 1995: p. 168). This example Represent both citizens interest and political views. Grant (1989) identifies the two types of groups, the Insider and Outsider group. Insiders are seen as legit as they are recognised by the government and consulted on a regular basis an example is Police Federation, however outsiders are not as recognisable as Insiders due to their relationship status with the government. Grant states the 3 categories of outsider groups one of which is the potential insider group; this is achieved by a strategy acceptable in the eyes of the government another is outsiders are less knowledgeable than an insider lastly an outsider group can refuse to reform to an insider because of the fundamental nature of their aims. The implication of Grants distinction is that insider status is linked to effectiveness. The assumption appears to be that most groups will seek insider status (Baggott, 1995). However Clements and Wright view of this is different in a study where they found that although group could seek insider status it is not always effective. Local g overnments went from outsiders to insiders in the New Blair government but insider status does not guarantee success in achieving desired policy goals, as the local Government Association found (Clements and Wright, The British Political Process: An Introduction, (2000) pp.138). It is possible for an outsider to play an important role of public policy by mobilising public sentiment, an example shown by the anti-poll tax federation. There are different methods used to achieve an objective, Insider groups use the influence in Westminster and Whitehall. Insiders are more likely to be consulted by the government than an outsider group, their communication strategy is lobbying. Lobbying is the direct communication between a pressure group and government, bringing their cause and ideas to the attention of parliament, targeting key groups; they employ parliamentary officers and do not need special campaigns to influence the government however. The Implication is that insider groups will spend relatively less time on other strategies such as parliamentary lobbying which will be pursued to a greater extent by outsider groups (Baggott, 1995: P.136) Lobbyist argues that they improve the efficiency of the policy making process by explaining the tight timetable of legisl ation to clients and the need to apply pressure at the right place (Baggott, 1995: P.137). While outsider groups are more likely to depend on the media and its public to spread their message as well as to raise funds. It is important to state the combination of both insider and outsider model as an insider group can part take in both but with great limitations. Environmental pressure groups, they employ strategies in order to get the attention of the media. Growing concerns about the environment led to the recognition and growth of environmental pressure groups such as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace. Greenpeace an environmental pressure group embodies both insider and outsider strategies promoting a non violent action as well as gaining a high level of government and public support. Greenpeace well known for initiating a campaign backed by governments and the public after the British government approved a proposal by shell UK for deep sea disposal of 463 ft of Brent spar oil storage in the north Atlantic (Parliamentary Affairs, 51 (3): 397). However Greenpeace credibility was damaged by the apparent lack of scientific evidence supporting its position in the Brent Spar oil rig incident in 1995 (Clements and Wright, The British Political Process: An Introduction, (2000) pp.138). In terms of the media, Greenpeace has successfully used the media to mobilise their public support, maintaining a positive image through the media. An aim of Greenpeace is to gain the support of the media; it will always centre any campaign strategy. They provide a spokesperson to provide information and views on particular issues. Newspapers View: Daily Mirror declared that the policy change was a victory for Greenpeace and that it was an example of peoples power. The political significance of the Greenpeace campaign and of shells actions is universally recognised as a defining period or benchmark in the relationship between business, the government, the public and the environment (Parliamentary Affairs, 51 (3): 397).The internet plays a huge role in Greenpeace becoming a campaigning tool, where one can communicate campaign developments in the quickest and most effective way e.g. Social Networking Sites, Blogs and so on. Another Outside pressure group that also uses the internet as a form of communication is Friends of the Earth, having th eir own website which serves as an information centre; this allows supporters to communicate with a single click of a button leading to the website. The media plays a huge role in day to day society somewhat acting as a pressure group in its own right protecting and advancing its own interest, taking up issues defined as legitimate by those in power. The media first and foremost plays an important role in politics; actively pressure groups can use the media to gain publicity. A recent survey of over a hundred various groups found that four out of five were in contact with the media at least once a day and that 13 per cent of those surveyed perceived media campaigning to be their most important source of influence (Baggott, 1992 pp. 18-22). Thus contacts with the media are important for a large proportion of pressure groups, who use the media in a number of different ways (Politics, 1999: pp.23). The use of the medias visibility of a pressure group is to create this public Profile that the public would recognise. Outsiders especially need the awareness and visibility as some are not considered legitimate by the government, its imp ortance is to raise issues to the public via the media; this is done by the two most important methods, the press Newspapers and broadcast Radio/Television ensuring issues are communicated accurately and clearly to sustain a growing mass interest. Constant coverage is vital as it keeps a buzz on the group reassuring members its activeness within the group as well as its growth. An example of this is Friends of the Earth an outsider group that showed through a survey that 24 per cent of members joined after seeing a media campaign. Survey seen in (Grant, 1995, p.86 taking from Politics (1999) p. 23). According to Baggott, at least four out of five groups are in contact with the media to raise and build public support. Most pressure groups appreciate the role of the media in their centre. Child poverty action group a pressure group that aims to raise awareness of causes and to bring about positive policy changes for families and children in poverty, they use the media to help promote and develop policies. Using a term called reactive coverage which uses the media to put across its viewpoint and influence. The child poverty action group used media coverage to demonstrate that an issue was of public concern and therefore reinforce a case being made civil servants (Field, 1977, pp53- 4). Environment pressure groups i.e. Greenpeace and Friends of the earth well known pressure groups backed by the public has used the media to help change the climate of public opinion having an immediate influence. The growing use of the public relations and the media specialist by pressure groups reflects the influence which they believe the mass media have over public opinion and policy decisions (Baggott, 1995: pp. 184). TV is the most popular source of news to pressure groups as well as newspaper being its main source. Pressure groups operating at a national level regard television as the most important source. Other strategies that both insider and outsider pressure groups have used are posters or press advertisement in order to get their message across to its public. As Outsiders, Friends of the earth have organised stunts which have attracted a great deal of media attention, leading to their coverage because they were dramatic. Outsiders need to be visual in other to get their me ssage across unlike insiders; a recent example would be the student fees protest which got a lot of attention not only because of the drastic change but because of the stunts that were pulled by protesters in order to influence the policy change. Using photographic imagery and television news would attract a large number of Media, also embodying an outsider strategy Greenpeace uses television news and newspaper visuals employing their own cameraman and photographer which is a main strategy of an outsider group. Friends of the Earth approach to the media is different as they produce well researched and reliable reports, operating by establishing firm contacts, especially journalist through individual campaigners. As an Outsider group they have a good reputation on doing a lot of research and having answers before campaigns. The growth of pressure groups is due to the changes in the social structure of Britain, particularly the fragmentation of British society resulting from the breakdown of previously rigid class divisions (Moran 1985). An explanation is more people who are affected by issues are more willing to join protest. Another factor is the impact of a more highly educated population which is a feature of post affluent societies. It is argued that a more articulate and highly educated public is more likely to indulge in group politics, and again there is much evidence to suggest that this is the case (Parkin, 1968; Parry et al, 1992). In todays society the public is more active than passive wanting to get involved in political activity. Public becoming more concerned with issues will make the government consider policy change. There are also signs that people are increasingly willing to undertake collective action in such circumstances, although this still remains a less popular option than other forms of participation, such as signing petitions and contacting MPs on an individual basis (Baggott, 1995: p. 172). An advantage of an Insider Group is that they are too powerful and are in connection with those in power as well as media connections, having the opportunity to influence and shape policies formulated by the government. However Outsiders are a disadvantage to that. Outsiders use inappropriate tactics at times and their connection with power is not as great as that of Insiders. However due to the freedom of information it gives them an opportunity to campaign in a more effective manner, as well as Internet being an effective campaigning tool. Conclusion To conclude, I will draw out my conclusions regarding pressure groups, this essay explores on the theories on pressure groups and their role in democracy and society. Also stated is how pressure groups use the media as a communication strategy to influence. I distinguished the difference between the two pressure groups outsiders and insiders, they both share the ability to reform policies and both have clear strategies. An important factor in the concept of this essay is the relationship between the groups and the government which determines the groups legitimacy and success. The growth of pressure groups being increased by the media and its coverage has led to the importance of media in an Insider group but significantly more important in an outsider. Outsider groups also have an advantage of using the public in demonstrations creating more awareness regarding issues and policy process. Group membership has grown due to people concerned with quality of life an example of a pressure group, Greenpeace, which highlights the environment and portrays it as something that would affect us if we do not take action. In contrast some groups have declined in membership as changes occur in the social structure. Participation is however still on the rise, e.g. Student Fees Protest. It has been proven that Pressure groups Like Greenpeace has been successful in the decision making process. The Brent Spar episode is an example in relation to Greenpeace. Groups are now more aware that they need to establish a good relationship with parliament and the media, as well as parliamentary lobbying and public campaigning when necessary. There has been an increase in lobbying especially among the insider groups who wish to influence political influence. Most inside groups have passive members as they are recognised in parliament and work with the government. It is in the interests of good government to work with pressure groups rather against them (Baggott, 1995: pp. 230). Groups can c ontribute to efficiency their knowledge and information can help government to develop a more effective policy.

Free Essays On Shakespeares Sonnet 154 :: Sonnet essays

Analysis of Sonnet 154 The little Love-god lying once asleep Laid by his side his heart-inflaming brand, Whilst many nymphs that vow'd chaste life to keep Came tripping by; but in her maiden hand The fairest votary took up that fire Which many legions of true hearts had warm'd, And so the General of hot desire Was sleeping by a virgin hand disarm'd. This brand she quenched in a cool well by, Which from Love's fire took heat perpetual, Growing a bath and healthful remedy For men diseas'd. But, I, my mistress' thrall, Came there for cure; and this by that I prove: Love's fire heats water, water cools not love. This sonnet appears to be another version of 153 rather than one of a series. These two sonnets, two renderings of the same ides, could either prove or disprove Shakespeare's authorship. Only twice did Shakespeare rewrite any of his sonnets, both 138 and 144 appear slightly modified in _The Passionate Pilgrim_. These are evidence of Shakespeare's rewritings, but the only problem is if one is out to prove the authorship on these grounds, over-revision remains a factor; that is, Shakespeare rewrote the two sonnets changing only a few words and not the entire sonnet. These seem to be the problems with citing Shakespeaare as their author, but equally disproving him as the author. If I were to argue for Shakespeare's authorship, I would correlate "the help of bath" with being an allusion to "The Wife of Bath's Tale" in Chaucer's _Canterbury Tales_. Shakespeare used Chaucer as a source in _A Midsummer Night's Dream_ (from "The Kinght's Tale" and "The Miller's Tale"), _Troilus and Cressida_ (from _Troilus and Criseyde) and _The Two Noble Kinsmen_ (from "The Knight's Tale"). Seeing that Shakespeare used Chaucer as a reference in the past for help, I suppose "the help of bath" could be a tribut to Chaucer and thus a possible source or allusion. But this does remain on unsubstantial grounds due to the possibility of it simply meaning a water-filled basin.

Track State Championship Essay -- Memoir Essays

Track State Championship The pit of my stomach felt as if it was being eaten away by gnawing insects inside. It wasn't just the ordinary butterflies but evil-biting insects. I was standing impatiently on the track quickly sliding further toward the inside as the incoming runner completed her handoff. Screaming encouragements, I waited for Rachel to make her way down the last stretch. We successfully completed our exchange of the baton and I was off. We arrived at Dutch Clark Stadium in Pueblo, Colorado our normal two hours early on a dark, rainy Friday morning. Our team carried in the large tarp, blue tent, coolers full of energy food and many cases of water to keep us hydrated throughout the day. The sight of the enormous red rubber track brought that familiar tingle to my stomach. "It's the same size as any other track, but we just run the opposite direction," I heard Coach Dirst joke with the always gullible Erin. Shortly after we set up camp, I heard the familiar words, "Get out of here!" come from Coach Dirst. Our team made our way down the mountain of unevenly spaced, concrete stairs to the track. After doing our routine warm-up of a two-lap jog, stretches and form running, the team scattered, some preparing for their event, others just hoping to catch a few more zs. As I was making my way back to camp, I noticed everyone's red stained t-shirts and sweatshirts from stretching on the damp track, not realizing those stains would in time become memories I'd never forget. The day of prelims jumped off to a great start. The medley relay qualified for finals, and Kendal became a two-time state champion in high jump capturing the team's first ten points. The rest of the day went just as well. After placing fourth a... ...owerful! To hear Coach Dirst say that just made the whole experience that much more special. All the hard work we'd put in throughout the year had finally paid off when it mattered most. As we ran our final victory lap of the 2002 track season, we realized we had accomplished what every team dreams. After the sharing of many hugs and tears, happy ones of course, I made my way back to camp to gather my belongings. I then slowly strolled to the parking lot wanting to savor the incredible feeling. As I gazed up at the pitch-black sky, a raindrop fell to my forehead. Within no time at all, I was standing in the midst of a downpour taking everything in as I thought, "This is as good as it gets!" All the emotions, triumph, thrill and excitement, I was feeling acted like a bug bomb to the evil-biting insects that were at one time eating away at the pit of my stomach. Â  

A Proposed Solution to Hiring More Employees

Meeting the list above will improve healthy lifestyles for employees to keep working at their full potential. 1. 0 Introduction 1. 1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to hire a reasonable amount of employees for direct care at Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center. Hiring employees would cut down performance. 1. 2 Problem The staff mentioned the lack of staff to do the work. Employees were working more hours. They expressed their frustrations about not having holidays off. Not letting the staff know at head of time that they would be working forced overtime was frustrating to staff. Staff felt frustrated with continue mandatory overtime.Patients are staying longer for treatment. Security officers are constantly call on hospital units four to five times in eight hours to handle crisis. Management not listing to staff to hire employees was a lack of team work. 2. 0 Discussion 2. 1 Solution Hire more employees to take the load off the current employees. 2. 2 Benefits Hiring new empl oyees has many benefits. Here are a few of them: Employees could spend more time with family Employees would come to work happier The company would benefit by increasing productivity Benefit economy by giving more people work. It's cheaper than having current employees work overtime.Customers would have better service. 2. 3 costs Hiring new employees can be a costly process, but it will pay off in the long run. According to Joe Hadzima, a columnist for the Boston Business Journal and lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management, the salary and benefits totals is â€Å"1. 25 to 1. 4 times base salary range. † As shown by Figure 1 Wages and Salaries only equal about 70% of the cost to hire new employees. There are quite a few other expenses you must take into account. The True Cost of Hiring New Employees Figure 1 2. 4 Hiring Process The company could do mix of the following to find applicants: An ad in the paperAn internet ad Job fair if enough openings are available Recruiter at a college or university one after each other. It should take a week to get the ads out and another week for applicants to respond to the ads. After the interview it should take about 2 weeks to process the applicants. In about a month new employees should be working in the company. These positions could either be full time or part time whichever is necessary. 2. 5 Training Training is one of the most expensive things about hiring new employees but it's important for employees to get the proper training.It takes on average 5 months for new employees to become good at their work. According to the Studer Group, â€Å"A survey of 610 CEOs by Harvard Business School estimates that typical mid-level managers require 6. 2 months to reach their break-even point. † There are many benefits to training employees. Here are few of them: They won't damage expensive company property. Employees will be more productive and efficient at their work. Customers will be happier when they deal with well-trained employees. Other companies are more willing to work with your company if your employees know what they are doing.Average Hours Employees are Trained In A Year This chart shows how employers are training employees more in the last few years. Figure 2 3. 0 Conclusion 3. 1 Solution Hiring new employees is the best solution for companies who are constantly busy and employees are working a ton of hours. Here are some of the many benefits: Current employees could spend more time with family Employees would come to work happier, because theyll have more time to rest and relax. The company would benefit by increasing productivity. Hiring new people is also good for the local economy by giving more people work.It's heaper to hire new employees than have current employees work overtime. Customer would also be happier with more employees so that they would have better service. 3. 2 Time Frame It should take about a month to hire new employees. It will take about 5 months for the employees to be trained in unless they have previous experience. So new employees should be hired and fully trained in in 6 months.

How Are Responses To Disasters Shaped By The Bureaucratic Structures Of Humanitarian Institutions?

Accident, be it natural or man made, are common these days. It is not that in human history that disasters never happened but the modern world is a close contact global village and with willingness any country is able to help the other in peril. However, there are several clauses attached to it along with strings that are attached to international politics. As a result, it should be taken into account that any action taken against any incident of disaster follows the path of evaluation and analysis on the parameters of bureaucratic judgments and willingness.It should also be taken into account this bureaucratic evaluation of the incident is subjected to the political scenario in long or in short run. Furthermore, it is also to be considered that all the humanitarian institutions responsible for the deliverance of aid to the disaster stricken area would ultimately be depended on the willingness of the bureaucratic system. The bureaucratic system work strictly on the principals of adva ntages and benefit of the action thus aid becomes relatively more obvious in areas of vested interest than the areas that are not directly linked up with the interest of the bureaucratic scheme. Olsen, 16)It is true that the Western Society has proved to be the most powerful in terms of finance and resource in the modern era and thus it is the call of the Western world that determines the severity of a disaster in a given situation and the amount of aid that should be granted as a relief. It is obvious that the bureaucratic system is the most instrumental part in this entire scenario of politics of aid and thus all the humanitarian institutes are in alignment with this system.The connection between the bureaucratic system and and the humanitarian institutes are also revealed in the local perception of aid or relief during a disaster. If the Tsunami of the Indian Ocean is taken into account it would be clear that in the island of Sri Lanka it was found that such bureaucratic discrimi nation in the parameters of race abd religion was taking place. Here the bureaucratic system was playing in the hands of the government formed by the help of the majority consisting of the population of the Sinhalese language.This bureaucratic system then influenced the humanitarian institutions to offer major part of the relief to the Sinhalese population rather than the Tamil population of the northern parts of the island. (Walker, 5) The example of Sri Lanka and the relief discrimination between the Sinhalese and the Tamil population could be regarded as a classic example of bureaucratic system induced humanitarian misuse or under use of the aid. In conclusion it should be mentioned that there are several examples that point towards proper distribution of aid during the time of disaster by institutions like Salvation Army and the Red Cross.However, the point that should not be missed is that the action taken during a disaster is an emergency and is purely based on humanitarian gr ounds thus the equal and proper distribution of aid and relief should always be one hundred per cent and there should not be any bureaucratic influence to state otherwise. As a human being this is the minimum requirement and the maximum amount of resource should be employed to attain the goal.

Achieving and Maintaining Excellence

I believe myself to be a work in progress, as I get older I find myself wanting and desiring more out of life. Especially, when it deals with goals and objectives that can ultimately change my thought process. In order for me to achieve my set goals as well as achieve excellence I would have to change my current situations with family, education, work environment as well as on a personal note marriage. These entities provide stability and help me in moving forward in the right direction. There are so many factors in relation to achieving certain things and I believe that Peter Senge’s Five Disciplines help in achieving those measures.Ideally they relate to your very existence in effectively and efficiently carrying out those stepping stones towards gaining greater insight, a need to learn, understanding your surroundings, view points, and systematically understanding the measures of possibilities from within and in our daily lives. Five Disciplines Personal Mastery ideally is the spiritually mechanism that we have inside of us, personal growth is a strong entity to need and want. For me my personal growth would be to change my attitude towards certain things, learn from them and focus on being a better me in the process.This will allow me to be open to more things that will bring me ultimate joy. Becoming one with self, god, work, education, family and life helps me to achieve so much more than what it appears to be, happiness is something we inspire for and personal mastery is that for me, almost like connecting to my inner self. It also has been said that it is also legitimate to develop one’s own personal sources of power, such as one’s reputation, technical abilities, clear personal objectives, positive relationships with others, communication effectiveness,  and self-con?dence and optimism (Lynch, 1993, pp. 39–44).Mental Models sometimes I think that I prejudge or even assume things that are not really there. Until I had jury duty, and honestly saw firsthand the way we as people judge others just because of what they are being charged with. Until you hear all sides you begin to see the bigger picture, and notice a shift in your thinking process and that happened for me. We place everyone in little boxes, clusters of sorts and generalize them in a negative undertone that can be farthest from the truth.I believe that everyone has a story and it’s up to us to decipher what is the truth. Myself I now believe that we are all on the same playing field and deserve to be treated equal. This is one area whereas I will focus on changing about myself, understanding others in the process. Building Shared Vision is something that I have aspired with connecting to. One of my goals is to move to a low income area where the need is great and open a non-profit organization that will help addiction, teenager concerns, gay, lesbian and transgender, or even a place where children can have place to be children.I know that might be difficult, but for me it is a challenge that I am willing to struggle for. I may not have all the answers or the money to do so but it’s my eagerness to want to help those particular populations. Chapter 11 states that eventually there should be a â€Å"guiding coalition† (Kotter, 1996) whose members have the power, expertise, credibility, and leadership to make change happen. And that’s exactly what I will need in order to make this dream a reality. Team Learning with this I have learned that working as a team benefits what you are trying to accomplish.Since being in this school and experiencing this type of learning environment made me take note that one has to communicate, respect others and value everyone’s input. So this is how I approach my every day work and life exchanges. In chapter 11, Perlmutter (1985–1986) proposes four â€Å"approaches for proactive leadership,† each of which requires political sophistication. Thes e approaches include working with the appropriate political subdivisions, utilizing the voluntary sector, mobilizing external constituencies, and pursuing legal options.We have to understand our surroundings in order to learn from and build off. Systems thinking is just an integration of all of five disciplines. I would think that each provides a specific role in how we are to function on a daily basis. Ultimately, we want change and change is of the essence, Proehl (2001) suggests â€Å"acting quickly and revising frequently† (p. 109) to ensure that changes have the desired results or can be modi?ed. Integrating certain entities changes the response and how we do what we do in terms of service and self-growth.In terms of skills for growth and assessing myself, I would have to say that I believe that I can accomplish more with believe that I can and learning all that I can with work, school and life in general. Understanding that there is no difference in how we see things if we put the shoe on the other foot, this is the only way to change that thinking pattern. Noting and believing that I can do whatever is necessary (with the right tools and approaches) to believe that I can make a little difference in the lives that I cross. Communication is key to success and how we formalize the necessary measures in finding what we can do as a people.I believe in what I have said and to the degree of finding solace in my thinking process and motivates me to want and need more. If one was to integrate each of the discipline into an assessment one would have to understand the direct need to do so. In chapter 11 page 254 it states, this function of leadership is essential in ensuring integration of and alignment among all aspects of the organization. Personal Mastery and Thinking Systems as we integrate these two entities one would have to really dig deep inside to form an association between the two.There is a hunger or desire to want to improve on self, relationsh ips, friendship and family. Before one can ultimately do this you have to change from within, for me this is what I inspire to do. I have changed a lot, I no longer think of self first, changed my beliefs and aspirations, and have a yearning to learn as much as possible. This will help me to build on my dreams and be able to pass that hunger for education to my children as well. I want to lead by example by showing my children that you have to work hard for what you want and that education is your primary focus at all times.Mental Models and Thinking Systems it takes a strong mind to want to change ones outcome, changing the way we see people is showing that we can change out assumptions on others. For me it’s seeing past the rough exterior and looking at the totality of the situation or person. I used believe that if two people were together and something happens then they are guilty as one, or if you wear your pants off your behind then you are from the streets or if you us ed street slang you are ghetto. That is the farthest from the truth, the most powerful person is those who have street smarts and an education.You may not know this but what I have described was once my life, lived in the ghetto, had wore the tradition garb of those in the ghetto and used street slang. What ultimately changed that for me was when my mother died and I began to take life seriously. Shared Vision and Thinking Systems my thinking is putting the needs of other before my own, wanting to change or help someone with their issues as well as providing resources that will uplift their lives of a particular population. Sometimes the need is to provide a helping hand rather than having a door slammed in your face.I think what generally made me come to this conclusion is when my mother died. It made me understand who Natasha truly is and what I was doing with my life. It humbled me in so many ways, no one really knows the impact was living with an addict and having choose drugs o ver you. That has always been a catalyst towards everything I have ever wanted to do, that’s why I sort out the field of human service, I want to be there for someone like I couldn’t be for my mother without judgment or looking down on them. Team learning and Thinking Systems I have always been a team player, whatever specifics was needed I would get it done.I enjoy working and communicating ideals that potentially change the prospects for myself as well as anyone I am working with. We build off of each other, learn from each other, work together and help each other for a purpose. We all have different outlooks, ideas and aspirations which form an allegiance of sorts that makes us better people and facilitating the process of helping others. This is my framework in understanding the true me, identifying the things that make who I am, were I have, and who I have grown to be and inspire to be.The changes that I have moved passed have inspired me to achieve so many wonder ful things like children I didn’t children (before my mother died but because I was the only child that changed right away), education I took it for granted by dropping out of high school and look at me now, I have my Associate’s Degree in Human Services and working (4 more classes) towards my Bachelor’s Degree and I am going forward with the Master’s Program in Social Work, Public Health or staying in Human Services. These are all attainable goals because this is something I want and will achieve.I will of course stay in the hospital I currently work with because they have so many opportunities but through my union I can relocate to another city (that’s another goal that I have), I plan on within the next 2 years to move to a southern state because it would be better for my children as well as myself (peace in spirit, mind and soul) all of which will be done with my husband as well. My goals are a priority and they will be made a reality, one step at a time, with the intent of focusing on me first and everything else will come into play.